Did you know yesterday was World Diabetes Day? Each year on November 14th, we come together to raise awareness and support individuals living with diabetes, along with advocating for diabetes prevention. World Diabetes Day was established in 1991 by the International Diabetes Federation and the World Health Organization to address the health threats of this chronic condition.

What is diabetes?

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention1, diabetes is a chronic health condition that affects how your body turns food into energy. There are three types of diabetes: type 1, type 2, and gestational. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by an autoimmune response targeting the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, and is commonly diagnosed during childhood or adolescence. On the other hand, type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition caused by reduced insulin production, typically affecting individuals who are overweight or those over 45 years of age. Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy, creating a risk for health complications, but often resolves after childbirth.

How is diabetes managed?

While each type of diabetes has different underlying causes, there are similarities in how to address this condition. Let’s look at a few management options:

• Insulin therapy: Insulin is a medication used to manage one’s blood glucose levels. Those living with diabetes must administer the appropriate insulin dosage to prevent future complications such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, etc.

• Blood sugar monitoring: Monitoring blood sugar, or glucose, is vital for those living with diabetes. It provides insights into the factors influencing fluctuations, allowing them to adjust treatment strategies accordingly.

• Lifestyle Management: While there isn’t a cure for diabetes, lifestyle modifications play a significant role in managing diabetes. Adopting a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, managing stress, going to checkups, and taking medication as prescribed can help maintain blood glucose levels within a healthy range.

How is diabetes prevented?

With one in ten Americans having diabetes*, there has been a significant focus on prevention. Just a few of the following simple lifestyle changes to prevent diabetes include:

• Regular physical activity: Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise per week.

• Eat plant foods: Add fiber-rich, nutrient-packed plant foods into your diet, such as leafy greens, broccoli, peppers, cauliflower, legumes, and whole grains.

• Lose extra weight: Work with your physician to create reasonable short-term goals and expectations for weight loss.

By embracing these habits, individuals can reduce their risk of developing diabetes and enjoy a healthier, more fulfilling life.

*Centers for Disease Control and Prevention